{"id":2144,"date":"2026-08-13T16:54:35","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T08:54:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zishengtransformer.com\/?p=2144"},"modified":"2026-08-13T16:54:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T08:54:39","slug":"transformer-fault-diagnosis-and-solutions-common-causes-testing-methods-and-repair-measures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zishengtransformer.com\/vi\/transformer-fault-diagnosis-and-solutions-common-causes-testing-methods-and-repair-measures\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t<\/strong>, v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0, sau th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, m\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra sau b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, \u0110i\u1ec7n Zisheng<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a Zisheng Electric trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh & b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ng\u00e2m d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/th>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/th>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t<\/td>H\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong, t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t, qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u; k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DGA \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/td><\/tr>
T\u0103ng ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m thanh b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>Cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00f5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea3i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 sau khi ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>Ph\u1edbt l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 van, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed3n d\u1ea7u<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m k\u00edn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n, van v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3n d\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>H\u1ecfng b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c, b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ea5c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p<\/td><\/tr>
S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/td>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u<\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1eb9p nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec b\u1ee5i t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng l\u00f5i; c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y: \u0110\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1eadp ng\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y, ch\u1eadp ng\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eadp ng\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00f2ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1eadp, l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u0103ng nhanh. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u cao b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng \u1edf ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pha<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u00e2m thanh b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb b\u1ed3n d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y? Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/strong> \u2014 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong> \u2014 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch<\/strong> \u2014 c\u00e1c ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u. Sau khi m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cao h\u01a1n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u.<\/strong>
\u0110o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u1eebng pha. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ba pha v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 2%<\/strong>, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eadp ng\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong m\u1ecdi b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p.<\/strong>
N\u1ebfu sai l\u1ec7ch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ea5c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi cho ph\u00e9p, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1eadp ng\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y trong cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch.<\/strong>
S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c minh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft sau khi m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan (DGA).<\/strong>
S\u1ef1 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan trong d\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eadp v\u00f2ng ng\u1eafn nh\u1eb9, l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ea5y<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o r\u1eddi<\/strong>, theo sau l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qu\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Tr\u00e1nh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Sau khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong>
    Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed r\u1ed3i b\u1ecf qua. C\u1ea7n l\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh t\u1eebng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    III. L\u1ed7i l\u00f5i: M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

    Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    L\u00f5i m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00f5i m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/strong>. Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xoay chi\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xo\u00e1y c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, g\u00e2y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 cho l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf m\u1ee9c nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9, trong khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00e1y l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p silicon c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfng n\u00e0y. Khi x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p silicon, t\u1ed5n hao d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xo\u00e1y t\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 t\u0103ng nhanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110o d\u00f2ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/strong>
    L\u1eafp m\u1ed9t ampe k\u1ebf n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00f5i. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f2ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00f5i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c milliampere. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ampere, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan (DGA).<\/strong>
    C\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng do qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00f5i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qua DGA \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/strong>
    L\u1ed7i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00f5i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd I<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00f5i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u00e1o ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    N\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p silicon, ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p silicon b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    IV. L\u1ed7i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u00e0 hai k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

    Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> v\u00e0 h\u00fat \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    L\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n suy gi\u1ea3m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: sau khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a 6\u20138\u00b0C<\/strong> x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a IEC 60076-14 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00fat \u1ea9m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua ba k\u00eanh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u00e0m k\u00edn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • M\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • H\u1ecfng breather l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/strong>
      S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng megohmmeter \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u1ecf n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111o, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi so s\u00e1nh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 (tan\u03b4).<\/strong>
      S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng tan\u03b4 cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m. Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong d\u1ea7u.<\/strong>
      N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cao th\u1ebf, n\u00f3i chung y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 15\u201325ppm<\/strong> (gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p). \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u.<\/strong>
      Bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 acid v\u00e0 \u0111o s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u1ecfi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00ed kh\u1ecfi d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, thay th\u1ebf d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e1i sinh d\u1ea7u<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m k\u00edn \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o breather v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        V. H\u1ecfng h\u00f3c m\u00e1y chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

        Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        M\u00e1y chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n (DETC)<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u00e1y chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i (OLTC)<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p th\u00eam c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u0103ng do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u00ednh ch\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u t\u0103ng<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC t\u0103ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • L\u1ef1c l\u00f2 xo ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • S\u1ef1 oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u00e2y m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • H\u1ecfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00e2y ra v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u.<\/strong>
            \u0110o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ea5c. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/strong>, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ea5c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i.<\/strong>
            S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng camera ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t quanh m\u00e1y chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Ki\u1ec3m tra chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/strong>
            V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra \u00eam \u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y ng\u1eaft m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c qua l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n<\/strong>. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp oxit tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            N\u1ebfu v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, c\u1ea7n th\u00e1o b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ra \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea5c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n khi m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              VI. Suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u: V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c l\u1edbn<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

              Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              M\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p d\u1ea7u ng\u00e2m d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Khi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u suy gi\u1ea3m, c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • M\u00e0u d\u1ea7u s\u1eabm<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb axit t\u0103ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n hao \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i t\u0103ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee7ng gi\u1ea3m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a, trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n suy gi\u1ea3m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 suy gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua. M\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai n\u0103m sau, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed d\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u.<\/strong>
                \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee7ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb axit<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n hao \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan (DGA)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn hai n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00ean r\u00fat ng\u1eafn c\u00f2n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u.<\/strong>
                  M\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 cho r\u1eb1ng do bay h\u01a1i do th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3ng\u2014tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/strong>
                  Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec3 d\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n, van v\u00e0 gio\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 suy gi\u1ea3m, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, thay d\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00f2 r\u1ec9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Thay gio\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m k\u00edn b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • S\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c thay van b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      VII. L\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t: Khi t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p. Khi c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p, l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong> (b\u1ee5i b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn b\u00ean trong), h\u1ecfng b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u<\/strong> (d\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n d\u1ea7u b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf), h\u1ecfng qu\u1ea1t<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng quay ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7), v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i nh\u01b0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, b\u1ee5i b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nhanh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u00e1t, c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Zisheng Electric \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Saudi: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1t. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec9nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n 8\u00b0C<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      C\u00e1ch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u.<\/strong>
                      D\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec9nh cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t.<\/strong>
                      Ki\u1ec3m tra xem b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng\u2014l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t.<\/strong>
                      Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f3 b\u1ecb t\u00edch t\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn do v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea1 g\u00e2y ra hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      N\u1ebfu k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c th\u1ed5i gi\u00f3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      N\u1ebfu b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      N\u1ebfu k\u00e9t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n